La Ciudad de Holguin fue fundada en el a\u00f1o 1523 en las tierras donadas en Cuba por Diego de Vel\u00e1zquez al capit\u00e1n Francisco Garcia Holguin y en ellas se estableci\u00f3 un caser\u00edo con los indios que vagaban por los alrededores, al cual hay que agregar el de la comarca india de Maniab\u00f3n. Pero el capit\u00e1n se reserv\u00f3 para su residencia el que fue designado con su apellido materno, poni\u00e9ndolo bajo la advocaci\u00f3n de San Isidoro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nuestro Capit\u00e1n Francisco Garcia Holguin se cas\u00f3 en 1537 y establece su hogar en el norte de su jurisdicci\u00f3n, convirtiendo el sitio en cabecera de su patrimonio, llam\u00e1ndole Holguin (cuyo significado, dicho sea de paso, era en lengua antigua: hechicero o embelesador).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Aunque Francisco Garcia Holguin dio su nombre al sitio en 1545, no fue sino hasta el a\u00f1o 1600 que el Cabildo de Bayamo ordenara que se constituyera su delimitaci\u00f3n. Para dicha tarea se nombr\u00f3 al agrimensor p\u00fablico, D. Joaqu\u00edn de Vidabur\u00fa, quien estableci\u00f3 los linderos de la manera que a continuaci\u00f3n citaremos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00abDesde la loma de la Concordia en la costa norte, hacia el este hasta el r\u00edo de Lirios. Desde aqu\u00ed al nacimiento del r\u00edo de la Tranquera en la sabana Biajacas. Siguiendo hasta el charco del Guayabal, costeando al oeste, pasando por el cerro de Batiquir\u00ed y siguiendo por la cordillera hasta Saos de Tom\u00ed. de ah\u00ed a la loma de la Bre\u00f1osa y desde all\u00ed a la loma de la Concordia\u00bb. Esta demarcaci\u00f3n fue ratificada en el a\u00f1o 1769.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Al mismo tiempo estaba form\u00e1ndose otro n\u00facleo de poblaci\u00f3n en el hato de las Gu\u00e1simas, distante unos veinte kil\u00f3metros del anterior y propiedad de una nieta del capit\u00e1n Francisco Garcia Holguin. Como creciera m\u00e1s este poblado que el anterior, los vecinos consiguieron en 1700 que se trasladase a este lugar el templo. Pero le cupo la misma suerte de sus anteriores. Sea por razones del terreno, sea por otras causas, los vecinos decidieron trasladarse al hato de Holguin, distante unos doce kil\u00f3metros del anterior y propiedad de otra nieta del capit\u00e1n Francisco Garcia Holguin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fue en ese sitio que tuvo asiento definitivo La Ciudad de Holguin y la iglesia, que se termin\u00f3 el 3 de abril de 1720, bajo la advocaci\u00f3n de San Isidoro, y que construy\u00f3 a costa propia, el Regidor D. Diego de \u00c1vila y de la Torre, templo este que se reedific\u00f3 de ladrillo y teja en 1730 y concluida con sus caracter\u00edsticas definitivas en 1800.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A este lugar vinieron a reunirse las familias que resid\u00edan en Managuaco y en Gu\u00e1simas. En 1726 contaba ya con 60 casas y fue declarada cabeza de la jurisdicci\u00f3n, segregada, por consiguiente, de la de Bayamo, a que perteneci\u00f3 en sus comienzos. La misma sobrevivi\u00f3 hasta 1815.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
El esp\u00edritu activo y entusiasta de La Ciudad de Holguin hizo que elevaran en 1731 solicitud para la creaci\u00f3n de su Ayuntamiento, merced que no les fue otorgada hasta veinte a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s por Real C\u00e9dula de 19 de febrero de 1757, por el Gobernador D. Alonso de Arcos y Moreno, al mismo tiempo que era declarada ciudad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
El escudo de armas (Escudo de La Ciudad) le fue autorizado en 1831, 80 a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de haberse constituido el Ayuntamiento y solicitado por el cabildo municipal. Todas esas efem\u00e9rides del desenvolvimiento civil de La Ciudad de Holguin corr\u00edan a la par de su desarrollo econ\u00f3mico y urbano en todos los ramos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
En La Ciudad de Holguin se edificaron otras iglesias, la c\u00e1rcel, el cuartel, el hospital de San Juan de Dios, el hospital militar, matadero, plazas, un paseo p\u00fablico, una galler\u00eda, un teatro y una sociedad de recreo llamada Sociedad Filarm\u00f3nica, t\u00edtulo este en armon\u00eda con el ambiente moral hispano de la \u00e9poca del \u201cmorri\u00f3n\u201d y de las primeras ingenuidades liberales de los tiempos confusos y parad\u00f3jicos de Fernando VII.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
El ritmo de crecimiento de la poblaci\u00f3n humana en Holguin ha sido: a\u00f1o 1827, 8,624 habitantes, incluidos los de varios caser\u00edos rurales de la comarca; 4,199 en 1841; 3,065 en 1846; 3,754 en 1852; 3,476 en 1857; 4,954 en 1862 y 855 viviendas, de las cuales 281 de mamposter\u00eda, 424 de tablas y 150 de embarrado y teja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lleg\u00f3 a ser La Ciudad de Holguin una de las m\u00e1s destacadas ciudades de Cuba por su actividad comercial e industrial, que acreci\u00f3 las comunicaciones de todo orden que converg\u00edan y diverg\u00edan de la ciudad. Pose\u00eda magn\u00edficos edificios, parques, teatros, hoteles…<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Poblaci\u00f3n de La Ciudad de Holguin de Acuerdo a los Censos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n La provincia de Holguin se cre\u00f3 en 1976 con una extensi\u00f3n de nueve mil 300 Kil\u00f3metros cuadrados y 14 municipios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ese surgimiento de Holguin como provincia le dio nuevas dimensiones al esfuerzo de todos por el bienestar com\u00fan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Holguin, de regi\u00f3n agr\u00edcola atrasada, emprendi\u00f3 el camino del desarrollo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Junto a la industria azucarera, en Holguin sobresalen las ramas mec\u00e1nica y minero metal\u00fargica, a partir de la explotaci\u00f3n de las reservas de mineral later\u00edtico existentes al nordeste de la provincia de Holguin, una de las mayores de Cuba y del mundo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Holguin reserva un alto potencial tur\u00edstico, especialmente en la franja costera que va desde Gibara hasta Moa, zona de gran belleza natural y significaci\u00f3n tur\u00edstica y cultural de Cuba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n En Holguin, otros sectores de la econom\u00eda y los servicios tambi\u00e9n marchan con potencialidades de desarrollo, como un reto del pueblo de Holguin por un futuro mejor, en busca de nuevos y mayores triunfos en beneficio de todo el pueblo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" La Ciudad de Holguin fue fundada en el a\u00f1o 1523 en las tierras donadas en Cuba por Diego de Vel\u00e1zquez al capit\u00e1n Francisco Garcia Holguin y en ellas se estableci\u00f3 un caser\u00edo con los indios que vagaban por los alrededores, al cual hay que agregar el de la comarca india de Maniab\u00f3n. Pero el capit\u00e1n 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